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──────────────────────────────────────────
4 - COMMAND SUMMARY
──────────────────────────────────────────
Commands for PC-KEY-DRAW are divided into
two primary types. Type 1 are those that
can be issued in the CURSOR MODE (anytime
the cursor can be moved about on the
screen) and type 2 are the commands that
are called from within a particular func-
tion. Basically type 1 commands pertain to
general operation, while type 2 commands
pertain to a specific drawing function.
The help file in PC-KEY-DRAW and the Com-
mand Summary sheet (available from OED-
WARE) are similar to the contents of this
chapter, which is arranged by command. The
first part of this chapter provides a
SHORT FORM look at the commands, while the
second part expands the look at the com-
mands with a LONG FORM. The LONG FORM also
includes numerous small examples to help
illustrate the various commands. See Chap-
ter 10 DEFINITIONS & INFORMATION for addi-
tional detail of the commands.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-1
SHORT FORM
See KD-DRAW.HLP for this information!
──────────────────────────────────────────
It has been removed from the disk manual
for space.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-2
LONG FORM
The following section contains additional
details on operating the various commands
of PC-KEY-DRAW. It also contains numerous
specific examples which are written in the
form they would appear if saved as a key
macro, translated with KD-TRANS.EXE and
viewed with a standard text editor. Unless
otherwise stated, the macros presented all
start in the CURSOR MODE. For example
HOME |1
means hit the <HOME> key 1 time or
[rect]
F2 |1
r |1
PGDN |10
ENTER |2
means hit Function key #1 (<F1>) 1 time,
then hit a lowercase <r>, then the <PgDn>
key 10 times, and then the <ENTER> key
twice. Following this sequence will draw a
square on the screen.
Some prompts must be completed with
<ENTER>, such as "Enter background <0-3>
[0]". In reading macro samples the <ENTER>
will not appear as a command since it is
part of the input. Any prompt that starts
with the word "Enter" must be concluded by
an <ENTER> from the user. "File Name"s
must also be concluded with <ENTER>.
While most commands relate to a single key
stroke per macro line, many require mul-
tiple key strokes as when text is entered
or a file name is entered. Such lines
appear as follows:
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-3
***TEXT***|This is text|1
***TEXT***|135|1
***TEXT***|B:GIRL.SCN|1
Do not enter "***TEXT***" or the "|",
enter only the text between the two bars
"|". In some places in the manual the
untranslated form will be used to save
space, such as:
*|1
is equivalent to
* |1
The short hand form will only be used for
key strokes that are easy to understand
without translation.
For additional examples and an aid to
learning, try translating some of the many
macros supplied on the different library
disks. After translating a macro, it can
be easily view and printed using a text
editor. Use the printed macros as samples,
just like the ones in this manual. Many of
the macrso supplied with PC-KEY-DRAW
include remark statements. The remark
statements are added by a text editor and
do not effect the operation of the macro,
but serve to explain what a macro's
intended use is or might be. The remarks
also serve to inform the user on what the
conditions should be before calling the
macro, such as "Operate from Medium reso-
lution" or "Copy object to be overlayed
first before calling macro". Beware of
remarks that start with "E" or "e" since
this may confuse the macro into thinking
that the number of repeats for the given
key sequence is in scientific notation.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-4
Cursor Mode
──────────────────────────────────────────
Cursor keys <1-9> move cursor around on
screen at speed set by <F9> or <+> and
<->.
Shft-Cursor Keys <Shft>-<1-9> use during
drawing of circles, rectangles, poly-
gons, ellipses and several others to
adjust the starting point of the
object being drawn. For example when
drawing a circle the Cursor Keys
adjust the size of circle while the
Shft-Cursor Keys move the circle
around on the screen. With a rectangle
the Cursor keys move one corner while
the Shft-Cursor keys move the opposite
corner.
<Ctrl-Right Arrow> jumps the cursor to the
right to the next grid point, whether
the grid is visible or not. The grid
point is set by calling <g>, <Ctrl-g>,
or <Alt-g>.
<Ctrl-Left Arrow> jumps the cursor to the
left to the next grid point, whether
the grid is visible or not. The grid
point is set by calling <g>, <Ctrl-g>,
or <Alt-g>.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-5
<Ctrl-Home> sets the display to SCreen 1
if screen is not 1. Allows panning or
paging through pages and layers if
screen is already set to 1.
<?>, <h>, or <H> displays full map of
8X8 PAGE grid and shows current loca-
tion on that grid.
<Home> sets SCreen 1 to PaGe 00 or
layer 0
<Ctrl-Home> returns to PaGe 00 or
layer 0 without saving screen you are
currently on.
<End> sets SCreen 1 to last page or
layer created.
<PgUp> moves through pages and layers
one page/layer up.
<PgDn> moves through pages and layers
one page/layer down.
<Cursor keys> Pan in page mode by 1/2
screen.
<Ctrl-End> sets screen to SCreen 2 no
matter what the screen is to begin
with. SCreen 2 is used for the visual
layer when layers are active. SCreen 2
is ideal for a temporary work space
when layers are not in use.
<Ctrl-PgUp> Moves up through screens.
SCreen 1 is the top screen.
<Ctrl-PgDn> Moves down through screens.
Screen F7 is below SCreen 2. SCreen
Title is below SCreen F7.
<Esc> Stops current operation and
refreshes screen to what it was before
the last action was started.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-6
<Shft-Tab> Switches between high and
medium resolution. Use <Ctrl-r> to
switch to high resolution. The current
drawing mode will be saved as the
default mode if <Ctrl-s>tatus is
selected and saved. Currently PC-KEY-
DRAW works only in the CGA graphics
modes of 320X200 with four colors
(medium resolution - color) or 640X200
with two colors (high resolution
-black and white). These modes are
readily distinguished by the size of
the text used in the prompt line and
menus. The color mode uses 40 column
text, while the b&w mode uses 80 col-
umn text. The 80 column text provides
additional information on the prompt
line,with more information at one time
then is possible with the 40 column
mode. Which mode you choose depends on
what you are creating.
<ENTER> The Enter/Return key is used to
complete functions, mark points, take
default values. The first mouse button
is used as the <ENTER> key. During
line drawing the <ENTER> key is used
to mark line end points and continue
drawing. References to marking or
ending usually refer to using the
<ENTER> key.
<Space Bar> brings up the Function selec-
tion menu if no functions are cur-
rently active. <Space Bar> is active
during line drawing with <F6 l> or <F6
c> to temporarily suspend line drawing
and display the cursor.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-7
<Backspace> provides the ability to backup
while entering the points of <F6
l>ine, <F6 p>arallel, <F6 s>poke, and
<F3-b>-spline to correct a mistake or
change of mind. After using <Back-
space> during <F6> operation, the
screen is refreshed an the line
redrawn up to the last point.
<$> Sets screen aspect ratio. The aspect
ratio is the ratio between the hori-
zontal pixels and vertical pixels. An
aspect ratio of 1.0 in color or 2.0 in
high resolution gives good results.
Adjust the screen ratio as desired to
display circles as circles and not
ellipses. You may want to match to
your printer rather than to the
screen. The screen aspect ratio can
also be varied as desired for a number
effects, ie. adjusting spray paint or
rotating in an ellipse.
<+> increases cursor step by one. The new
cursor step is retained and can be
toggled with <F9>. The cursor step
number not only effects the speed of
the cursor, but the steps in a cursor
rotation, the number of lines to
insert or delete, and the
mouse/joystick speed.
<-> decreases cursor step by one. The new
cursor step is retained and can be
toggled with <F9>.
<_> cursor wrap toggle. When PC-KEY-DRAW
is run it will be have cursor wrap on,
so that if the cursor is moved off the
edge of the screen it will wrap to the
other side. Use <_> to turn cursor
wrap off.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-8
<(> shifts entire display to the left for
use with graphics boards that need to
be centered.
<)> shifts entire display to the right.
Use <(> and <)> with some graphics
cards to properly center screen.
<[> rotates the cursor about the last mea-
sure point in steps set by <F9> in a
counter-clockwise direction.
<]> rotates the cursor about the last mea-
sure point in steps set by <F9> in a
clockwise direction.
<{> rotates cursor counterclockwise in 90
degree increments.
<}> rotates cursor clockwise in 90 degree
increments.
To gain a better feel for cursor rotation
try this:
SHFT-F9 |1
+ |5
F6 |1
l |1
RIGHT |5
] |20
[ |20
Try the above with rectangles, poly-
gons, and animated or smeared objects.
</> works the same as <Space Bar>
<?> displays help information. Works like
<H>.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-9
<*> toggles prompt line display for play-
back. When writing macros that will be
used as slide shows or demos it is
often desirable to turn of the prompt
line and the cursor. Use <*> once to
turn off the prompt line and twice to
also turn off the cursor. *|3 will
stop circles and rectangles from dis-
playing as they are sized, while *|4
in a macro will stop the double redraw
of lines for greater speed. It may be
best to add the appropriate line to
the macro after it is written, since
seeing the prompt and cursor can aid
in debugging. The macros will run
faster the higher the star value use.
<Alt-1> jumps cursor to 0,0 (top left cor-
ner).
<Alt-0 to Alt-9> jumps to the screen posi-
tion previously assigned to that key.
These must first be defined with
<Ctrl-j>, which will create a small
file KD-DRAW.JMP. If a particular key
is not assigned the cursor will jump
to 0,0.
To illustrate jumping, move the cursor
to some location on the screen and
perform the following:
CTRL-j |1
ALT-3 |1
now move to some other location on the
screen and then:
ALT-3 |1
and the cursor will be instantly back
to the marked point.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-10
<5> displays color value that cursor is
over. This lets you know what color
you are over when working on a black
and white screen in the color mode of
the program.
<B> sets background value. The background
value is used for a number of func-
tions, including removing the lines
during rubberbanding of circle, box,
polygon. The current setting of the
background is displayed in column 40
of the prompt line. Reverse video
operations change the setting of the
background value. <Alt-F10> also sets
the color of the background. Normally
the background color is set to the
predominate color of screen, but there
are many times when it is desirable to
set it to another value. Try this:
SHFT-F9 |1 [poly]
+ |5
B |1
0 |1
F2 |1
p |1
3 |1
RIGHT |5
] |20
[ |20
B |1
1 |1
] |18
At this point an interesting pattern
will be displayed on the screen. If
it is desired to keep that pattern hit
<k>eep then continue otherwise hitting
<ENTER> will replace the screen as it
was and draw the polygon in its final
position.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-11
<C> switches cursor to last center of a
circle or centers animated area hori-
zontally on screen.
<Alt-c> toggles through three cursor
types. A double dot, arrow, or full
screen cross hairs are available.
Which cursor you use depends on what
you prefer and will vary with the type
of drawing you are working on. Your
favorite cursor type can be saved as
the default from the Status Screen.
<Alt-d> displays the DOS date at the spe-
cified screen location. The time can
be displayed on the screen with
<Alt-t>. Time and date display are
provided for the terminal clock watch-
ers and for use in slide shows.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-12
[work3]
Figure 4-3 Screen with help menu and
<Ctrl-g>rid turned on.
<g> sets grid to display as dots. You must
specify the spacing of the grid in the
units of the scale being used. <g>
will also turn the grid off if it is
on as dots of lines. The current color
set by <F10> will be used as the grid
color, until the grid is turned off.
<Ctrl-g> sets a line grid that is XORed
with the screen and thus does not hide
some lines as <Alt-g> can.
<Alt-g> sets grid to display as lines. Use
<g> to turn it off. The current color
set by <F10> will be used as the grid
color, until the grid is turned off.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-13
<h> selects help menus. The first time
brings in the menu in the top left
corner of the screen (if it is cur-
rently off). Selecting it a second
time displays the help file for the
CURSOR MODE. See <H> and <?> for more
information.
<H> toggles help menus as above or turns
off the menu if it is on. <H>elp works
the same as <?>. See also <h> for
more information.
<i> toggles isometric drawing mode. The
isometric mode changes the cursor key
movements so that instead of moving at
45 degree angles the cursor moves at
30 and 60 degree angles. A lowercase
"i" will appear on the prompt line
when in isometric mode. In the Status
Screen a 1 indicates that the isomet-
ric mode is off, while a 2 means the
mode is on. The Status Screen also
allows the user to specify valves
greater than 2 for aiding in some spe-
cial effects.
<Ctrl-j> or <Ctrl-ENTER> allow screen
positions to be set and remembered and
assigned to <Alt-0 thru Alt-9>. KD-
DRAW.JMP will be created the first
time this function is called. See
instructions above on <Alt-0 thru
Alt-9> commands for a sample.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-14
<k> keeps the screen in memory as it cur-
rently appears. Use this with func-
tions like <F7 a>nimate and <F7 s>mear
and with functions like <F2 r>ectan-
gle, <F3 c>ircle, and <F2 p>olygon
when the <B>ackground color is set to
something other than the background of
the screen. See the above example for
<B>ackground.
<Alt-k> activates key macro for <r>un,
<c>reate, or <e>nd. See Key Macro for
details on operation. Both <r>un and
<c>reate will ask for a file name to
use. Entering a single drive letter
only will display the files on the
drive with appropriate extension.
<f>unction can be used to set the HOT
key file used for assigning the func-
tion keys used with <Shift>, <Ctrl>,
and <Alt>.
<l> turns display of visual layers on and
off. Once layers are on they can only
be turned off completely with <Alt-l>.
<L> sets active and visual layers as
desired by the layer numbers.
<Ctrl-l> combines SCreen 1 with the visual
layers of SCreen 2 to create a new
visual layer and starts next layer
with a fresh screen in SCreen 1. This
is the primary method of initializing
the use of layers.
<Alt-l> turns layers off and pages back
on. This differs from <l> which simply
stops displaying the visual layers
when turned off.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-15
<m> mark measure point. Measure read out
on prompt line is set to zero. Use at
any time. Some functions will set
<m>ark measure for their own use. When
drawing a circle the measured distance
is the radius, while drawing a line
the measured distance is the length of
the line.
<M> switches cursor to last marked point.
Some operations will mark a point for
measure, such as <F2 r> and <F3 c>.
<M> works like the jump commands
<Alt-0 thru Alt-9> only the setting of
the measure point is only temporary.
<Alt-m> sets screen scale based on meas-
ured distance. Use <m> first. The fol-
lowing illustrates how <m> and <Alt-m>
can be used to set the scale based on
the screen image.
F3 |1
c |1
RIGHT |5
ENTER |2
C |1
m |1
RIGHT |5
ALT-m |1
10 |1
The scale is now set so that the
circle on the screen has a radius of
10 units, be they feet, inches, or
meters is up to you.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-16
<Ctrl-p> plays music using the BASICA PLAY
statement syntax. For use primarily in
macros or when you just want to sere-
nade yourself and co-workers. See your
BASICA manual for details on using the
play command.
<Alt-p> sets pause length for macro play-
back in seconds. <Alt-p> has no effect
except in a macro playback.
<Q> controls cursor movement quality.
Quality off allows faster motion.
Quality on ensures equal cursor steps.
Key macro automatically sets quality
on. Do not turn the quality off in a
macro since cursor movement will not
be faithfully recorded. <Q>uality
significantly effects movement with a
mouse of joystick.
<Alt-q> toggles the display of cursor coor-
dinates on the prompt line. Use the
coordinates to aid drafting or layout
operations and turn of the coordinates
in free form drawing for faster cursor
response.
<R> Refresh the screen with current pic-
ture.
<Ctrl-r> forces the screen to high resolu-
tion mode. Use in macros that must
start in high resolution. <Shft-Tab>
toggles between high and medium reso-
lution. High resolution is 640X200
with 2 colors, while medium resolution
is 320X200 with 4 colors. Which reso-
lution used depends on final output
desired.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-17
<s> Show only active screen, without cur-
sor or prompt line, useful for taking
slides from screen. During macro play
back the macro will stop and wait for
any key to be hit.
<S> Same as <s>, but shows both active and
visual layers.
<Ctrl-s> Switch to the Status/Configura-
tion Screen. A number of parameters
can be set and kept as the default to
be used by the program each time the
program is run. This is the same
screen that is displayed the first
time the program is run or when ever
KD-DRAW.DFT is removed from the disk.
<Alt-t> displays the current time on the
screen at the specified position.
Useful for macros that will be run
continuously in a show or store envi-
ronment. Also great for those who like
to watch the clock or time a macro.
<u> updates workspace #1 and declares that
current screen is SCreen 1. The previ-
ous contents of SCreen 1 will be lost.
Retrieve with <F8 w>.
<U> updates workspace #2 and declares that
current screen is SCreen 2. The Previ-
ous contents of SCreen 2 will be lost.
Retrieve with <F8 W>.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-18
<v> video reverse of currently animated
object. The item is put on the screen
in reverse video, grabbed, and anima-
tion continues with the colors
reversed, ie. color 0 becomes color 3,
color 1 becomes color 2, color 2
becomes color 1, and color 3 becomes
color 1.
<Alt-v> sets visual horizon of screen.
This is the point where animated
objects will disappear when moved
below the set level. The visual hori-
zon setting is provided primarily for
special effects during macro playback.
<w> sets line width from 1 to 32. <w>idth
also controls the width of circles,
rectangles, polygons and b-spline
curves. Width can be set greater than
32 for circles, polygons, b-spline,
and rectangles. SCNSHOW.MCR uses a
very large width setting with circle
to fade out the screen showing the
girl and the sheep in the meadow.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<x> can be very useful in macros that
you want to start at a specific loca-
tion each time it runs.
<Ctrl-x> sets the current cursor location
as the screen's 0,0 point. The normal
screen origin is the top left corner.
<Ctrl-x> provides the means to set as
desired. This is particularly useful
in mechanical and architectural draw-
ing.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-19
F1 Modification
──────────────────────────────────────────
<r> allows rotation about a point in the
plane of the screen. First select cen-
ter of rotation, next define object.
Follow prompts. *C*-<r> will rotate
only the current color as selected by
<F10>. Try the following:
F2 |1 [rotb]
ALT-r |1
PGDN |5
ENTER |2
HOME |1
F1 |1
r |1
PGDN |1
ENTER |1
HOME |5
ENTER |1
y |1
***TEXT***|10|1
***TEXT***|36|1
ENTER |1
<Ctrl-r> rotates left half of screen 90
degrees. Part of the right side of the
screen may be lost so you may want to
store the screen first.
<Alt-r> to rotate all three colors of an
object. <Alt-r> is used exactly like
<r>. In high resolution there is no
difference between <Alt-r> and <r>.
A screen aspect ratio of 1.0 in medium
resolution or 2.0 in high resolution
provides the cleanest rotation, while
other aspect ratios can be used for
interesting effects. Rotation can
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-20
either be used to replace the object
with the rotated form of the object or
used to give multiple steps of the
object about the center point.
<R> revolves an object about a horizontal
or vertical axis. Use like <r> by
marking axis center, and any two oppo-
site corners. The following creates a
donut from a circle:
F3 |1 [revp]
c |1
RIGHT |3
ENTER |2
RIGHT |3
F1 |1
R |1
LEFT |3
UP |3
ENTER |1
END |6
ENTER |1
***TEXT***|23|1
ENTER |1
v |1
ENTER |1
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-21
<a> again - allows the same object to be
rotated or zoomed again with a new
angle/size. <a>gain can be particu-
larly useful when you are not sure of
the exact angle or zoom amount needed.
<A> again - rotates and zooms the last
object at the same time.
<Ctrl-a> again - switches from all color
rotation/zoom to single color rota-
tion/zoom and vice versa. The single
color used is the color set by <F10>
when <F1 Ctrl-a> is called.
<Alt-a> again - allows a previously
rotated object to be zoomed and vice
versa.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-22
<z> zooms an object either up or down.
Does not change drawing scale. Use
like <r> by marking center, and any
two opposite corners. The center loca-
tion is particularly important when
using multiple steps to produce 3-D
effects. Placing the center far away
from object results in a stretched 3-D
effect when using step. *C*-will zoom
only current color as selected by
<F10>.
<Alt-z> to zoom entire object. (all col-
ors) <Alt-z> is identical to <z> in
all aspects except how colors are
handled.
Both <z> and <Alt-z> allow a step to
be set for zooming. This allows you
to create 3-D effects, that work espe-
cially well with certain text fonts.
<Z> zooms the entire screen up or down,
changing scaling accordingly. A screen
aspect ratio of 1.0 in color or 2.0 in
high resolution gives the best results
for zooming.
When zooming with <z>, <Z>, or <Alt-Z>
you will be asked to Enter Scale Fac-
tor. The number entered multiplies
the current screen scale, thus scale
factors greater than one shrink the
object relative to the screen while
scale factors less than one expand the
object on the screen. Use <Space Bar>
or </> to enter the Zoom Factor
instead of the Scale Factor. The Zoom
Factor multiplies the object size,
thus factors greater than one expand
the object, while factors less than
one shrink the object.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-23
<Ctrl-z> zooms portion of screen for edit-
ing on a pixel by pixel basis. Select-
ing <Ctrl-z> a second time will allow
work on 8 screens at one time. The
size of the pixel screen corresponds
to the size of the patterns used in
<F5 f>ill. While in the pixel (FAT-
BITS) mode the colors of the pixels
are entered directly as 0,1,2, or 3.
To draw with a color use <t>race fol-
lowed by the color number, then move
the cursor to leave the line behind.
Use <t> a second time to turn off the
trace. Exit pixel editing with <Esc>.
While in the pixel editing mode, text
mode files can be brought in. This is
designed for macro play back and has
little use in drawing editing. The
text screens should be saved in a
BSAVE format. <o>ld prompts for a file
name to load.
If multiple screens are loaded when
entering the FATBITS mode use <Ctrl-
PgDn> and <Ctrl-PgUp> to move through
the pages. Alternately with version
3.50 use <Alt-s> to turn on scroll.
With scroll on any cursor movement
moves the window. <t>race works with
scrolling. It is possible to scroll
over the enter screen for easier edit-
ing.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-24
<m> mirrors image of an object defined in
box. Select mirror line orientation.
The original image remains intact as a
duplicate mirror image is made.
Mirroring of an object is one of the
most useful functions available in any
drawing/paint program. Many objects
are symmetrical, but when drawing by
conventional means, ie. paper and pen-
cil, you must draw both sides of an
object independently. With PC-KEY-
DRAW you can draw one side of the
object and then use <m>irror to make
it symmetrical.
<M> mirrors entire screen either horizon-
tally or vertically.
Mirroring of the entire screen can be
a necessity in creating certain spe-
cial effects. For example when using
<F1 S> or <F1 Ctrl-s>lide to create a
bowl effect (see Library disk #2 for
several macros) the screen must be
mirrored because slide only works from
left to right.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-25
<f> flips/rotates object through desired
view angle, thus compressing it.
<F> flips/rotates full screen through
desired view angle.
Think of <f>lip and <F>lip as follows:
Draw a circle on a piece of paper.
Hold the piece of paper in your hands
so that it is perpendicular to your
line of sight, ie the circle and paper
are in full view. Rotate the paper and
notice how the circle turns to an
ellipse. <f> and <F> perform the same
function on the screen.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-26
<v> reverse video - switches colors 0 to
3; 1 to 2; 2 to 1; 3 to 0. Works on
the entire screen. The <B>ackground
value is changed accordingly.
<V> reverse video - switches colors 0 to
1; 1 to 0; 2 to 3; 3 to 2. Works on
the entire screen. The <B>ackground
valve is changed accordingly.
<Ctrl-v> reverse video - switches colors 0
to 2; 1 to 3; 2 to 0; 3 to 1. Works on
the entire screen. The <B>ackground
value is changed accordingly.
<Alt-v> XORs screen with set value. An XOR
with 255 is equivalent to <v>. A ran-
dom value is assigned each time
<Alt-V> is accessed. You can use the
default random value or enter your own
number. Works on the entire screen.
Reverse video works on a full screen
only. To reverse only an object is
necessary to copy the object and ani-
mate it using the commands of <F7>,
then use <v> and the object's color is
now reversed.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-27
<s> slides object either horizontally or
vertically by a given number of steps.
Use slide to distort a drawing. It is
ideal for creating italic letters.
<s> uses a slide factor of 1. Try the
following to create italics from
standard font:
F6 |1
ALT-T |1
***TEXT***|This is ITALICS|1
ENTER |1
CTRL-END |1
CTRL-PGDN |1
ALT-1 |1
F1 |2
s |1
DOWN |2
LEFT |3
ENTER |1
***TEXT***|15|1
h |1
r |1
ENTER |1
CTRL-HOME |1
F7 |1
a |1
C |3
F7 |1
m |1
ENTER |1
[ital]
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-28
<S> slides entire screen. In the same
fashion as <s>. <S> uses a linear
slide factor of 1.
<Ctrl-s> slides entire screen as above
only to a power (slide factor) from 2
to 4.
Slide distorts the screen by shifting
it line by line. The amount each line
is shifted is calculated based on the
step size (default=10) and the power
factor. The direction of the slide is
either vertically up or down, or hori-
zontally left and right. A number of
macros are included on Library Disk #2
that make use of slide to create a
bowl effect with what is on the
screen.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-29
<c> calculates area and center of area for
object. By looking for the color set
with F10. The area calculation is
based on the screen scale and lit pix-
els. To get the area of a circle the
circle must be completely filled in
with the same color, otherwise calcu-
late will return a value closer to the
perimeter of the object.
<Alt-c> calculates mass and center of mass
for object. Operates much the same as
<c> only all colors are calculated for
and weighted based on user supplied
density factors.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-30
F2 Box & Figure
──────────────────────────────────────────
<r> rectangle - displays box as cursor is
moved. The <Shift> key can be used
with the cursor keys to adjust the
first corner of the box. The diagonal
length of the rectangle is displayed
on the prompt line.
[rect]
F2 |1
r |1
RIGHT |6
DOWN |6
ENTER |2
<R> same as <r> only box is copied for use
with <F7 a>nimate, move, etc.
The line width setting effects the
rectangle width. A width setting of 1
draws a rectangle one pixel wide,
while a width setting of 5 draws a
rectangle five pixels wide. For lines
the maximum width is 32, for rectan-
gles the maximum width is 32,000 pix-
els. Macro special effects using
<r>ectangle with <w>idth allow the
screen to be erased from a line out-
ward.
<Alt-r> produces a rectangle filled with
the color set by <F10>.
To draw a square, use the 45 degree
keys (Cursor Pad Keys 1, 3, 7, and 9)
to move vertically and horizontally an
equal amount. To draw a rectangle with
known length on both sides move the
cursor first horizontally the desired
distance, select <m>easure and then
move vertically the desired position.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-31
<s> produces shaded box with choice of
<l>ight, <m>edium, and <h>eavy shade
Use <F10> to set color. Mark any two
opposite corners.
F2 |1 [save]
s |1
RIGHT |6
DOWN |6
ENTER |1
m |1
ENTER |1
<S> same as <s> only box is copied for use
with <F7 a>nimate, move, etc.
An outline of the area to be shaded is
displayed as the cursor is moved to
set the size. When <ENTER> is selected
the user is prompted for the shade
density and the area is drawn.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-32
<p> polygon inscribed in circle. Enter
number of any number of sides. The
polygon is displayed as it is sized
and positioned with the cursor. Use
<[> and <]> to rotate the polygon as
you position it. <F9> controls the
amount the polygon is rotated with
each step. To create a seven sided
polygon try:
F2 |1 [poly7]
p |1
7 |1
RIGHT |6
{ |4
] |10
ENTER |2
<a> arrow - places arrow head at cursor
location either pointing <u>p,
<d>own, <l>eft, <r>ight, <e> up-
right, <f> down-right, <g> down-left,
<h> up-left. Use <u> or <d> to upsize
or downsize the arrow. The arrow size
is remembered and used the next time
arrow is called. Selecting <ENTER>
from CURSOR MODE will continue to
place the last arrow drawn at the cur-
sor position, until another function
is selected.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-33
<o> outlines area. The program will search
the enclosed area for the background
color (set with <Alt-F10> or <B>)
bordering on the other three colors
and produce an outline using the color
set with <F10>. To produce an outlined
text font try the following:
B |1 Set background
0 |1
SHFT-F9 |1 [out1]
F6 |1
ALT-t |1
***TEXT***|This is outline|1
ENTER |1
ALT-1 |1 [out2]
PGDN |2
F7 |1
M |1 Move text
ALT-1 |1
F10 |# # set as desired.
F2 |1
o |1
LEFT |1 Assumes cursor wrap on
+ |7
DOWN |3
ENTER |2
The above steps will create a portion
of text on the screen that is outlined
in the color set with <F10>. For a
somewhat different effect repeat the
above on a fresh screen, but replace
the second line with 1|1 and set F10
to 3.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-34
F3 Curve Draw
──────────────────────────────────────────
<c> circle - draws a full circle. The
location of the cursor when <c> is
selected will be the center of the
circle. After marking the center, move
the cursor to the desired radius. The
length of the radius is shown on the
prompt line and the circle is dis-
played. The center can be shifted with
the numeric keys corresponding to the
cursor keys. Select <F3> again or
<ENTER> to mark the radius and draw
the circle. If circle is not of
desired roundness, select <$> and
change the screen aspect ratio.
F3 |1 [circ]
c |1
RIGHT |5
ENTER |2
The width of a circle is controlled
with <w>idth from the CURSOR MODE. As
with rectangles there is effectively
no limit on the width a circle can
have. SCNSHOW.MCR uses a very wide
circle of color 0 to perform a screen
wipe of the GIRL screen.
Ctrl-c> draws the center line for a
circle. Start in the center of the
circle and use just like <c>. The
properly sized center lines will be
drawn after an <ENTER> or selecting
<F3> a second time.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-35
<a> arc - draws an arc using cursor posi-
tion as start and end. As with the
circle, the current cursor position is
the center of the arc. The second
position is the radius and one end of
the arc. The third position is the
other end of the arc. Arcs are always
drawn counterclockwise.
<A> draws arc with lines from center to
end points (pie shaped). Use it
exactly like <a>rc. To create a pie
shape try:
F3 |1 [pie]
A |1
PGDN |4
DOWN |2
ENTER |1
UP |8
LEFT |2
ENTER |2
Arcs are easier to draw in color
because a dot corresponding the cursor
position is visible.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-36
<e> ellipse - draws a full ellipse. Use as
with circle, but use up and right
arrow to properly shape ellipse before
hitting a <ENTER>.
F3 |1 [ellip]
e |1
RIGHT |3
UP |2
ENTER |2
The width of an ellipse is controlled
with <w>idth from the CURSOR MODE. As
with circles there is effectively no
limit on the width an ellipse can
have.
<Ctrl-e> draws the center line for an
ellipse. Use just like <Ctrl-c>.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-37
<f> fillet or round for 90 degree corners.
Start with the cursor at the corner.
After selecting <F3 f> move at a 45
degree angle towards what will be the
center of the fillet/round.
F2 |1 Creates rectangle with
r |1 two rounded corners.
PGDN |7
ENTER |2
F3 |1 [fillet]
f |1
HOME |2
ENTER |2
RIGHT |2
UP |5
F3 |1
f |1
END |2
ENTER |2
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-38
<r> rose curves inscribed in circle. The
circle is displayed allowing you to
adjust the size with the Cursor Keys.
Use <Enter> when the size is correct.
Enter number of leaves. As with most
functions the color of the resulting
rose is set by <F10> while the
inscribing circle size is set.
<s> spiral from center outward. Move only
a small distance from the center point
to leave room for multiple arms, if so
desired. An interesting special effect
can be obtained while the spiral is
being drawn by holding down the <F10>
key. This effect can not be recorded
in a macro.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-39
<t> trig(sine) - produces sine curve. Set
desired amplitude and period with cur-
sor keys. Don't move the cursor too
quickly when using <t> because it is
slow. Try this:
F3 |1 [trig]
t |1
RIGHT |5
UP |2
DOWN |4
UP |4
ENTER |2
<b> b-spline curves can be created by
entering a number of points and let-
ting the program draw a smooth curve
between the entered points using a
B-Spline routine. Use <ENTER> to mark
the points or <Backspace> to back up
and remove entered points. When all
points are entered select a Function
Key <F1-F8> to stop editing and to
draw curve.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-40
F4 Shade & Fade
──────────────────────────────────────────
<l> light shading of interior of object.
<m> medium shading of interior of object.
<d> dark/heavy shading of interior of
object.
The shade densities match those of <F2
s>hade. Use <F10> to determine color
of shading. If area to be shaded is
complex, it may require several tries
to completely shade. To shade a circle
try:
F3 |1 Draw circle
c |1
LEFT |8
ENTER |2
C |1 [scirc]
F4 |1
l |1
n |1
F4 |1
m |1
n |1
F4 |1
d |1
y |1
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-41
<s> Spray paints area. Use on painted
circle to give a 3-D effect. Affects
active color only. First draw item and
paint with <F5>. Current cursor loca-
tion sets the position of light source
(generally on the object). Next mark
any corner of box containing object
and select <F4> again. Mark opposite
corner of box and select <F4> to spray
paint.
<Alt-s> as above but effects all colors.
Set screen aspect ratio to 0 to shade
columns.
Spray paint works by looking for the
foreground colors and replacing them
with the background color. The setting
of the <B>ackground is thus very
important. Spray painting is normally
set to shade circular objects. To
shade other objects you may want to
adjust the spray pattern using the
screen aspect ratio. Set the a$pect
ratio to zero for columns. Remember to
return the aspect ratio to its normal
value after spray painting is com-
plete. Give this a try: (Start with
the cursor in the top left quadrant of
the screen, the color set to 3, and
the cursor speed set to about 8.)
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-42
[planet]
CTRL-j |1 Mark start corner.
ALT-2 |1
F2 |1 Draw filled rectangle
ALT-r |1
PGDN |6
DOWN |4
CTRL-j |1 Mark end corner.
ALT-3 |1
ENTER |2
UP |5
B |1
2 |1
F4 |1 Mark light source.
s |1
ALT-2 |1 Jump to start corner.
ENTER |1
ALT-3 |1 Jump to end corner.
$ |1 Set for column shade.
0 |1
ENTER |2 Complete spray paint
$ |1 Reset aspect ratio.
1 |1
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-43
<f> fades enclosed area with color set by
<B>ackground. Fading is done on a
pixel by pixel basis and is therefore
somewhat slow.
<Alt-f> fades all colors to color set by
<B>ackground.
<Ctrl-f> Unfades enclosed area. Unfade is
accomplished by carrying color on to
holes in an object. Unfade should be
considered experimental at this point.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-44
F5 Paint & Pattern
──────────────────────────────────────────
<p> paints the enclosed area with the spe-
cified fill color. You must also spe-
cify the border color by number. Gaps
in the area to be painted will allow
the paint to leak out.
SHFT-F10 |1 Creates blue ellipse
F3 |1 painted blue.
e |1
RIGHT |3 [bellip]
UP |2
ENTER |2
C |1
F5 |1
p |1
1 |2
ENTER |1
<P> paint - same as <p> only remains
active until next function is
selected. Use <ENTER> to paint next
area.
<Alt-p> paints enclosed area with one of
29 color combinations. Use </> to
select color set. The second color
set, when used with the appropriate
palette, provides 16 distinct colors
on a composite monitor.
The <p> and <Alt-p> work differently
and thus the ultimate result may be
different. You may want to experiment
with each to get the desired effect.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-45
<b> background(*C*) - sets the color of
the entire screen. 32 colors are
available:
0-Black 8-Dark Gray
1-Blue 9-Light Blue
2-Green 10-Light Green
3-Cyan 11-Light Cyan
4-Red 12-Light Red
5-Magenta 13-Light Magenta
6-Brown 14-Yellow
7-Light Gray 15-White
Select the color of the background by
using the <Space Bar>. Fix the color
with <ENTER>. The second set of 16 is
similar, but with different intensity.
<c> color (*C*) - sets the active color
palette. <c>olor turns on color and
toggles it in high resolution.
<C> (*C*) - selects unichrome palette (<b>
sets unichrome color). Selects back-
ground color active in high resolu-
tion.
<Alt-c> toggles multicolor mode in high
resolution on a composite monitor.
Colors are obtained by combining vari-
ous dot patterns. Take a look at some
of the pattern screens while in this
mode to see a few of the possibili-
ties.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-46
<m> modifies color (as set with <F10>) of
object to one of 29 color combina-
tions.
<M> modifies color (as set with <F10>) of
screen to one of 29 color combina-
tions.
<Ctrl-m> modifies one of 29 colors of
screen to another one of 29 color com-
binations.
<Alt-m> modifies one of 29 colors of
object to another one of 29 color com-
binations.
Modify searches for the desired color
and replaces it with the new color.
If the new color is zero then the
color being searched for is erased.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-47
<f> fills area with one of 64 patterns. In
order to properly fill an area it must
be fully enclosed just as with paint
or the fill will leak out. The basic
64 patterns can be modified as desired
using <F7 o> to load the file KD-
PTRN.PIC into one of the screens and
then changing the desired pattern(s).
Be sure to save the patterns with <F7
C>.
<Alt-f> fills area with pattern from user
specified file. File must have a PIC
extension. Library Disk #2 contains
640+ patterns for inclusion in your
drawings. Once a particular file has
been called it is remembered and used
as the default for <f>. See Appendix
H: for pictures of the supplied pat-
terns.
While viewing the pattern screen it is
possible to change that color combina-
tions of the pattern screens using
<v>, <V>, and <Ctrl-v> to perform a
reverse video using the conventions of
F1 Modifications. <S>hift is also
available while viewing the pattern
screen. These four commands effec-
tively increase the number of patterns
by a factor of 12, thus each 64 pat-
terns on a screen are actually 768
patterns. 640 patterns are supplied
with PC-KEY-DRAW version 3.50 making
for a total of 7680 effective pat-
terns. If this is not enough you can
always create your own.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-48
<s> strips - all colors on screen except
the one set with <F10>. This can be
useful for producing color viewgraphs
without a color printer as discussed
in Appendix F. It can also be used to
turn all of the foreground colors to
the same color by setting the desired
color with <Alt-F10> and then setting
<F10> to the background color (0).
<S> shifts - screen foreground colors by
one. The background color is not
effected. Thus color 1 becomes 2,
color 2 becomes 3, and color 3 becomes
1. <S>hift is also available while
selecting a fill pattern under <F5>.
<S>hift only works on a full screen
and not an object. To shift the colors
of an object use the following steps:
(version 3.50 or later)
Erase the object to be shifted using
<F7 e>.
CTRL-END |1 Move to SCreen 2
CTRL-PGDN |1 Move to SCreen F7
F5 |1 Shift colors
S |1
ENTER |1
CTRL-HOME |1 Move to SCreen 1
F7 |1 Place object on screen
M |1
ENTER |1
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-49
F6 Draw & Text
──────────────────────────────────────────
<d> dot - places point at cursor location.
<ENTER> will mark dot and added it to
the vector array.
<D> continues vector array from last point
entered.
<l> line - connects cursor points with a
line and adds it to the vector array.
A <ENTER> will mark next point and
continue drawing. All points must be
marked with an <ENTER> or they will
not be saved. Select <F6> a second
time and <e> or <E> to end line draw-
ing. You can temporarily suspend line
drawing with a <Space Bar> and con-
tinue it again with the an <ENTER>.
<Back Space> backs up one point.
<L> continues vector array from last point
entered.
The dot size and line width are set
with <w>idth from the CURSOR MODE and
can be changed as desired while enter-
ing lines and points. The line and
dot color are determined by the set-
ting of <F10> which may be changed as
desired while entering points and
lines.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-50
<p> parallel - draws parallel lines and
adds it to the vector array. Mark the
first point of the first line, the
cursor will be left behind. Mark the
second end point of the first line
with <ENTER>. Move to the second end
point of the each subsequent lines
that you want and select <ENTER>.
<P> continues vector array from last point
entered.
<s> spoke - draws lines from common center
point and adds it to the vector array.
Spoke works very similar to
<p>arallel.
<S> continues vector array from last point
entered.
The line width is set with <w>idth
from the CURSOR MODE and can be
changed as desired while entering
lines. The line color is determined by
the setting of <F10> which may be
changed as desired while entering
lines.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-51
<e> exit - ends current mode. Required
after any of the above. There is cur-
rently a limit of 200 points that can
be entered before <e>nding is
required. If more then 200 points are
entered the program will automatically
end, redraw the object, and ask if it
is correct.
<E> ends current mode and saves line draw-
ing to disk using user specified name.
These are saved as vectors and are
ideal for commonly used symbols. The
default extension is VCT.
<Ctrl-e> allows the last drawn vector sym-
bol to be saved to disk, even after
other operations.
Line, dot, parallel line, and spoke
line must be ended. When the line is
ended the screen is first refreshed
and then the line redrawn.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-52
<o> old line drawing from disk. A single
drive letter will display appropriate
files on disk. Must specify rotation
angle(any angle) and scale factor.
When asked for the scale factor select
</> to enter the zoom factor instead.
A scale or zoom factor of one will
bring the object in matched to the
drawing scale you are working on, thus
if a couch is created to scale and
saved to disk and later recalled while
working on a floor plan layout the
couch will appear in proper scale to
the rest of the floor plan.
<O> old, last drawing selected from disk
or last vector drawn. Allows alternate
rotation and scale.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-53
<c> cursor - draws continuous lines as the
cursor is moved. Use this function for
freehand drawing with the cursor or
with a mouse. Line drawing can be sus-
pended by hitting a <Space Bar> (the
second mouse button) and restarted
with the <ENTER> key.
Unlike most other drawing operations
in PC-KEY-DRAW, <c>ursor drawing is
absolute and once down is not redrawn
on ending. As a result the displayed
grid and visual layers are not avail-
able as they would otherwise become
part of the drawing.
Cursor drawing must be ended to actu-
ally save it to the current screen.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-54
<t> text - enters text at cursor location.
(Location when <F6 t> is selected) The
size of the text is determined by the
mode the program is in. In high reso-
lution 80 column text is available,
while in medium resolution only 40
column text is available. The text
will not be exactly at the cursor
location, but will be placed as near
as possible on the standard text
screen. To place text exactly where
wanted use <Ctrl-t> or <Alt-t>.
<T> text - allows text to be <c>entered or
justified <r>ight or <l>eft. <T> also
allows text to scroll up (good for
macro slide shows), to be printed ver-
tically <u>p or <d>own, allows <a>
ASCII file import to the current line
the cursor is on, filling to the end
of the file or end of the screen and
<A> provides continuous input of text
until <Esc> is selected. The same con-
ventions of text size for <t> apply to
<T>. Scrolling takes place when a cap-
ital letter is used for a particular
command.
<Ctrl-t> text - is copied into <F7> so it
can be moved to position required. As
with <t> and <T> the text size is
determined by the mode. <Ctrl-t> is
useful for a number of operations
where it is necessary to exactly place
the text.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-55
<Alt-t> text - allows use of alternate
fonts as stored on disk. Font file
default extension is FNT and can be
created with any and all program fea-
tures and saved with <F7 C>. The pro-
gram disk contains two font files, KD-
FONT1.FNT and KD-FONT2.FNT. Library
Disk #3 contains additional font
files. See Appendix H.
Font text is brought into animation so
that it can be place as desired. Use
<x> to left justify by setting the x
coordinate to zero, use <C>enter to
center the text on the screen. To fix
the text use <F7 M>. A number of text
oriented macros are supplied on the
program disk (in compiled form) in KD-
DRAW.HOT. These macros provide a num-
ber of methods to change the animated
text to outline, bold, shadow, and
other special effects. See the section
on Macros for additional information
as to what is available.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-56
F7 Copy & Move
──────────────────────────────────────────
<e> erases the enclosed area and copies it
for use with <a>, <s>, <r>, and/or
<m>. The erased area is held in the F7
screen buffer until replaced with a
subsequent operation using F7. If
after erasing an area you decide to
save it to disk, use <Ctrl-PgDn> until
you reach Screen F7 and save with <F8
s>ave. The file will be saved as a PIC
file.
<E> erase and animate - allows an area to
be picked up and moved quickly. After
erasing the area the screen is
updated. <F7 E> is equivalent to <F7
e ENTER F7 a>. One application of <E>
is to drag an object on screen to
enlarge it. Try the following, start-
ing with the cursor in the center area
of the screen and the cursor step set
to between 5 and 10:
F2 |1 Create object
r |1
HOME |5
ENTER |2
RIGHT |3
F7 |1 Copy part to drag.
E |1
DOWN |5
RIGHT |3
ENTER |1
SHFT-F9 |1 Drop cursor speed to 1
F7 |1
ALT-S |1 Drag object with smear
RIGHT |10
F7 |1
M |1 Complete move
ENTER |2
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-57
<Ctrl-e> erases area enclosed in circle.
The erased area is not saved and is
therefore lost, unless <n>o is the
response when asked "Correct (y/n)".
<Alt-e> erases enclosed area in the same
way as <e>rase but does not copy it to
the F7 screen buffer and therefore the
object is lost, unless <n>o is the
response when asked "Correct (y/n)".
Any object in the buffer is not
effected. If <e>rase is used in the
Screen F7 then <Alt-e>rase will auto-
matically be substituted.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-58
<c> copies area to be moved, but does not
erase it. The area is saved in the F7
screen buffer.
<C> copies the portion of the screen to
disk for later use. No extension on
the user supplied name creates a file
with a PIC ending that can be
retrieved with <F7 o>. A FIG extension
saves portion of screen in an ASCII
format. A BAS extension will save the
screen as a basic subroutine for use
in user written programs. A FNT saves
the object as part of a font library
for use with <F6 Alt-t>.
<Ctrl-c> copies the same size object as
previously copied without remarking.
Note: The last screen copied or erased
can be view and further manipulated by
selecting <Ctrl-End> <Ctrl-PgDn>. It
is possible to copy the entire screen
as follows.
ALT-1 |1 Jump to Top-Left-Corner
F7 |1
c |1 Start copy
HOME |1 Move to Bottom-Right
ENTER |1 Complete Copy
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-59
<o> retrieves drawings saved with <C>. The
object is brought into animation and
can be positioned as desired. If the
object looks jumbled, it may be
because it is partially off the right
side of the screen. Try moving to the
left to see the object.
<O> retrieves drawings saved with <C> and
immediately places them on the screen
as would occur with <F7 Alt-m>, thus
replace anything under the rectangle
defining the object.
<a> animate allows a previously copied or
erased area to be moved around the
screen with the cursor. As the object
is moved vertically off the screen it
will slowly disappear until the cursor
wraps. As the object is moved horizon-
tally off the screen it will distort
until wrapping occurs. <a>nimate XORs
the object with the screen so the
background is left unchanged as the
object is moved about. Use animate to
position an object prior to moving or
for special effects in a slide show
macro. Several commands will put the
user directly in the animate mode,
such as <F6 Ctrl-t>, <F6 Alt-t>, and
<F6 o>. See <F7 Alt-s>mear for an
alternate form of object animation.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-60
<m> moves area previously erased or copied
to lower right of cursor. <m> XORs the
copied area with what is on the
screen. If a copied object is XORed
twice the original screen image is
restored intact.
<M> moves area previously erased or copied
to lower right of cursor. <M> performs
an OR with the object and screen, thus
superimposing the copied image onto
the screen.
<Ctrl-m> moves area previously erased or
copied to lower right of cursor.
<Ctrl-M> uses AND to transfer an image
only if an image already exists,
therefore if <Ctrl-m> is used to move
onto a blank area of the screen, noth-
ing will appear to happen. Note:
<ENTER> and <Ctrl-m> are identical to
an IBM PC keyboard.
<Alt-m> moves area previously erased or
copied to lower right of cursor.
<Alt-m> uses the PSET action to
replace a portion of the screen with
the copied image.
The sample demo provides a good
example of the different results
obtained with the four syntaxes of
move. Each of the four methods of mov-
ing have different applications.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-61
<s> smear - moves the copied object with
each step of the cursor, thus smearing
it across the screen. <s> XORs the
object with the screen, so that if the
object is moved over where it had
already been, it will disappear.
<S> smear - moves the copied object with
each step of the cursor, thus smearing
it across the screen. <S> performs an
OR with the object and screen as the
object is move, so that the object is
superimposed on the screen image.
<Ctrl-s> smear - moves the copied object
with each step of the cursor, thus
smearing it on the screen. <Ctrl-s>
will AND the object with the screen,
thus the object will be placed only if
an image already exists on the screen.
<Alt-s> smear - moves the copied object
with each step of the cursor, thus
smearing it across the screen.
<Alt-s> moves the object absolutely,
thus replacing anything beneath the
object. <Alt-s> can be used for anima-
tion of an object, try the following:
F2 |1 Start with speed=8
r |1
END |5
ENTER |2
END |1
F7 |1
c |1
PGUP |7
ENTER |1
F7 |1
ALT-s |1
- |1
Move cursor around on screen.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-62
<r> replicate - moves the copied object
with each step of the cursor with the
speed set to the object's size. <r>
XORs the object with the screen, so
that if the object is moved over where
it had already been, it will disap-
pear.
<R> replicate - moves the copied object
with each step of the cursor with the
speed set to the object's size. <R>
performs an OR with the object and
screen as the object is move, so that
the object is superimposed on the
screen image.
<Ctrl-r> replicate - moves the copied
object with each step of the cursor
with the speed set to the object's
size. <Ctrl-r> will AND the object
with the screen, thus the object will
be placed only if an image already
appears on the screen.
<Alt-r> replicate -moves the copied object
with each step of the cursor with the
speed set to the object's size.
<Alt-r> moves the object absolutely,
thus replacing anything beneath the
object.
To fill the screen with a wallpaper
effect using a previously copied area
try the following:
ALT-1 |1
F7 |1
ALT-r |1
Move cursor around on screen to fill
it with replicated patterns of the
copied area.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-63
<l> inserts a horizontal line at the cur-
sor position. The number of lines
inserted is determined by the cursor
speed setting.
<Alt-l> deletes a horizontal line at the
cursor position. The number of lines
deleted is determined by the current
cursor speed setting (<F10>).
<l> and <Alt-l> are useful when creating
text slides or viewgraphs. As text is
entered and placed to create the slide
using the various text options of
<F6>, it may not be evenly distributed
on the screen. Copy and move can be
used to change the placement of the
text, but a faster approach to adjust
the number of horizontal lines between
two lines of text is to use <l> to
insert lines or <Alt-l> to delete
lines.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-64
F8 Files & Exit
──────────────────────────────────────────
<d> directory of selected disk. Any disk
drive A-Z can be accessed. The entire
directory is shown. Partial directo-
ries are available any time you are
asked for a FILE NAME by entering a
single drive letter only, then
<ENTER>. Use the SUBST command with
DOS 3* to replace path names with
single drive letters. PC-KEY-DRAW ver-
sion 3.50 and beyond will recognize
subdirectories directly without the
use of SUBST, but SUBST still is an
ideal method of minimizing typing.
Directory information beyond a single
drive can be obtained by ending in the
full subdirectory as you would in DOS.
For example to see all screen files in
subdirectory C:\DRAW\LIBRARY1 enter:
F8 |1
d |1
***TEXT***|C:\DRAW\LIBRARY1\*.SCN|1
While the above will show the desired
files in the specified drive it does
not change where the program will look
for them on subsequent file retriev-
als. To change the drive and/or subdi-
rectory that is used for completed
drawings, simply enter an "=" equal
sign head of the drive\subdirectory as
in the following:
F8 |1
d |1
***TEXT***|=C:\DRAW\LIBRARY1\*.SCN|1
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-65
<s> saves the current drawing - must be
room on disk. For best results on a
two floppy system save drawings on B:
with the program in A:. Two files will
be saved. The first is the screen file
saved with a SCN extension. The second
is the data file for scale informa-
tion. The data file will not be saved
if the scaling in use is the default
pixel scaling. Multiple pages/layers
must be saved independently if they
are to be used again. A single drive
letter displays the screen files on
that drive.
If the user is in Screen F7 when the
<s>ave command is given the file will
be saved in the F7 format in the same
way as if <F7 C>opy and save had been
used. Only the object on the screen
and not the full screen is saved.
This feature can be overridden by spe-
cifying the SCN extension when saving
in Screen F7. A PIC extension is
otherwise assigned.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-66
<o> old - retrieves a stored drawing from
disk Screens previously created with
this program should have an associated
data file with scale information. A
directory of files available for load-
ing are available by entering a single
drive letter at the request for FILE
NAME.
<O> old - displays screen files on disk
and loads then for sequential display
using <PgDn>. The <p>ause command can
be used to temporarily pause if the
<O> option is used as part of a key
macro. <O>ld sequential can be used
nicely for full screen animation from
a RAM disk. If a set of sequential
screen files are held in a RAM disk
they can be called up very quickly
with <O> providing a form of anima-
tion.
<Ctrl-o> template - allows a template
screen to be called up. Disables
updating of disk. Retrieve working
screen with <F8> <w> or <W>. SCreen 2
can be used for a template screen
without invoking template. This keeps
your template files handy. The tem-
plate command has remained primarily
for compatibility to older versions.
It is recommended that a second screen
be used for loading template screens
with the standard <o>ld command.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-67
<Alt-o> displays screen files using one of
five display methods. This is pri-
marily for use with slide show macros
as a special effect. The files are
first loaded into the memory space
normally reserved for Screen F7 so
anything in that buffer will be lost.
The five display types are:
1 Fade In
2 Pull Down
3 Pull Up
4 Pull Right
5 Pull Left
<f> fresh - clears screen and starts
again. If the current drawing has not
been saved on disk it will be lost.
<F> fresh - clears screen and layers or
pages from workspace disk. Be sure
you have saved any and all of the
pages and layers that you want for
later use or they will be lost.
<F>resh will delete all files on the
workspace disk named PAGE.??? so do
not name other files by that name or
they will be lost.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-68
<p> prints graphics screen on line printer
#1. The last screen title is displayed
and you are asked if it is OK. <y>es
will print the title with the screen.
<n>o allows you to enter a new title
on the prompt line. Most printers
require that you load GRAPHICS.COM
(from your DOS disk, see DOS manual
for more information) to print prop-
erly.
<P> Zoom prints entire screen. With par-
tial and full screen zoom printing you
must specify the characters to use and
one of three sizes.(1 is the smallest
and 3 is the largest)
<Ctrl-p> zoom prints partial screen.
Enclose area to be printed in box.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-69
Zoom Printing with F8:
Print sizes range from 1 to 41
Size 1 corresponds to 17 cpi
Size 2 corresponds to 12 cpi
Size 3 corresponds to 10 cpi
Some printers do not support all three
character pitches and will not be avail-
able for use. Size 4 through 41 are mul-
tiples of the first three sizes. Some
experimentation maybe necessary to find
the correct size to print with.
Start small!!!!
1X 2X 3X 4X 5X 6X etc.
17 CPI 1 4 7 10 13 16
12 CPI 2 5 8 11 14 17
10 CPI 3 6 9 12 15 18
Several printer configurations have been
include on the disk. Any printer can be
configured to work with the zoom printing
option. To select a printer or to config-
ure a printer select <Ctrl-s> from the
CURSOR MODE. Set desired printer number
and the screen will switch to the config-
ure printer section. Select one of the
available printers or using your printers
owners manual enter in the configuration
for your printer. Note that printer number
one "1" is reserved for an Okidata 92.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-70
<w> restores old workspace #1 to any
screen along with scale information
saved with the workspace. The drive
for workspace is set as part of the
general program configuration and
should be a RAM disk if available.
Workspace #1 will appear in the work-
space drive as WRKSPC1.SCN.
<W> restores old workspace #2 to any
screen. Workspace #2 appears on the
workspace drive as WRKSPC2.SCN.
The two workspaces are stored as
screen files with an SCN extension.
If <O>ld sequential is used on a disk
with a workspace, the workspace will
be included in the sequential file
display.
Use workspace as a quick save method
(see Update) or as a place to hold a
drawing while you make temporary
changes to it.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-71
<k> kills a file on the disk. User must
specify full name including drive.
This works the same as the DOS DEL
function. For wide card deletes use ?
instead of *. To delete all files with
a SCN extension on drive B: enter the
following name when prompted:
B:????????.SCN
<K> renames a file on disk by specifying
the old name of the file and the new
name desired.
<e> exits program completely and returns
to DOS. Since PC-KEY-DRAW offers so
many different ways of saving a draw-
ing, it is up to you to be sure you
have properly saved what you were
working on and in the form you wanted.
<e>xit does ask you to confirm your
desire to exit. Be sure you have
saved any work in the form desired.
<x> allows direct coordinate entry. Enter
the scaled x and y coordinates. The
cursor will jump to the new point.
<n> or </> or < > or <Esc> exits function.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-72
F9 Speed
──────────────────────────────────────────
<F9> Cursor speed is controlled with <F9>,
<+>, and <->. <F9> toggles between
setting the cursor speed to 1 and to
the last speed set with the <+> and
<-> keys. This allows rapid movement
or fine movement. <Tab> also serves to
toggle speed. <Tab> was specifically
added for the "Enhanced" keyboards.
Cursor speed also effects joystick and
mouse speed.
<Shft-F9> forces the cursor speed to 1.
This is intended for use with a key
macro.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-73
F10 Color
──────────────────────────────────────────
<F10> controls the color that many of the
functions work with. Lines, rectan-
gles, circles etc. will be drawn to
the color set by <F10>. Other commands
such as paint, spray paint, rotate,
etc. use the color to work with. If a
particular function does not appear to
work, it may be that the color was not
set correctly. The medium resolution
mode has 3 foreground colors and 1
background color, while the high reso-
lution mode has one foreground color
and one background color. To switch
into a color mode use <Shft-Tab>. To
change the foreground or background
color set use <F5>.
<Shft-F10> forces the color to color 1.
This command can be useful in creating
certain types of key macros.
<Alt-F10> temporarily sets the background
color used by the program. The color
in use is displayed in column 40 of
the screen. Use <B>ackground to set
the background color absolutely.
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-74
Hot Keys
──────────────────────────────────────────
The following summarizes the KD-DRAW.HOT
supplied on the program disk. KD-DRAW.HOT
has been compiled, but the original macros
are contain on library disks 2, 3 and 4.
<Shft-F1> - txtover.mcr
<Shft-F2> - txtover2.mcr
<Shft-F3> - txtover3.mcr
<Shft-F4> - txtover4.mcr
<Shft-F5> - bold.mcr
<Shft-F6> - bold2.mcr
<Shft-F7> - bold3.mcr
<Shft-F8> - 2x-3d.mcr
<Ctrl-F1> - overlay.mcr
<Ctrl-F2> - overlay2.mcr
<Ctrl-F3> - overlay3.mcr
<Ctrl-F4> - overlay4.mcr
<Ctrl-F5> - shadow1.mcr
<Ctrl-F6> - shadow2.mcr
<Ctrl-F7> - shadow3.mcr
<Ctrl-F8>
<Ctrl-F9>
<Ctrl-F0>
<Alt-F1> - patmake.mcr
<Alt-F2> - outline.mcr
<Alt-F3> - zd2x2.mcr
<Alt-F4> - zd4x4.mcr
<Alt-F5> - zd4x1.mcr
<Alt-F6>
<Alt-F7> - zoomup2.mcr
<Alt-F8>
<Alt-F9> - up-exit.mcr
COMMAND SUMMARY 4-75